Tolumnias are true miniatures - they come in a wide variety of flower sizes and shades, from less than 1 cm in diameter and from white to yellow and purple and everything in between.

The inflorescences are 10 to 30 cm tall above the small fan-shaped leaves. Flowers are 1cm to 3 cm in diameter.

These small flowers come in so many colors and different patterns that it almost seems that no two are alike. There is a great deal of interest currently in hybridizing these tiny plants so new combinations are coming out all the time.

Classification

In most reference books these little orchids are referred to as Equitant Oncidiums, but they have recently been reclassified to their own family, Tolumnia.

Culture

They are native to the Caribbean and therefore are classified as warm growers needing high humidity. In nature they grow on small branches or twigs and therefore need excellent drainage. The main cause of poor performance is over watering of the plants.

Most growers recommend mounting, but they can be maintained in 5cm pots with very fast draining media. They can also be grown on tree fern fiber or plaques or cork rafts.

Tolumnias are adaptable as far as light requirements and will grow well with Phalaenopsis or Cattleyas. After they flower, don’t cut back the inflorescence, they will put out side spikes and can bloom for several months this way.

Watering schedule has to be adapted to the type of media in which the plants are grown. The faster draining the media (such as tree fern which holds no water) the more water they will need - 2 to 3 times per week. Potted plants which will hold water more should only be watered once a week.

Remember, it is very easy to over water these plants and almost impossible to underwater unless they are mounted. In conjunction with careful watering schedules, good air circulation is very important for these plants. Drying out occurs better with good circulation.

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